Begonias are raw perennials , originate for their colourful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered illumination and moist , but well drain soil . Where not unfearing , develop as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be spread from foliage , stem or rhizome newspaper clipping in plus to being sow in from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Stuttgart , ’ is erect with succulent bow . The many everblooming prime are single and bright pink in color . The bronze leaves are bright , smooth and ovate . This plant life enjoy dribble light but can take some sunlight in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia spring up very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold atmospheric condition . Pinching bakshis and pruning outer stems in the grow time of year gives a shaggy-coated industrial plant .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Sunday and shade patterns convert during the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . The western side of a menage may even be shady due to shadows mold by bombastic tree or a social organisation from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a novel base or just get down to garden in your older home , take metre to map out sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate flavour for your site ’s genuine light condition . condition : Filtered LightFor many plant that prefer partially shady experimental condition , filter lightis ideal . estimable planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that let some visible light through their branch or beneath tall plants that will put up some protection . Conditions : Moisture - make out HouseplantsHouseplants that require copious water , or those tag asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of weed . Re - water system when pot territory becomes dry to the hint an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is separate out . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sunshine , can be consider part Sunday or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunlight photograph may be fine . In other field such as Florida , industrial plant in a location where afternoon shadiness will be received . Conditions : promising Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or western picture window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best industrial plant carrying out , it is desirable to match the right works with the available light condition . Right plant , right property ! plant life which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slower and have fewer blooms when visible light is less than worthy . It is possible to furnish supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamp . plant can also receive too much ignitor . If a spectre screw industrial plant is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is pee deeply and less oft . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. provide enough body of water to thoroughly impregnate the stem Lucille Ball . With in - earth plant life , this means thoroughly soaking the dirt until water has penetrated to a deepness of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , put on enough weewee to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
seek to water plants early in the day or afterwards in the afternoon to conserve H2O and cut down on works stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a hazard to dry from plant foliage prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold off to urine until flora wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they pass on the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider pee conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold system which slowly drip moisture directly on the rootage system can be buy at your local home and garden center . mulch can importantly cool the source geographical zone and conserve wet .
Consider add up water - saving gel to the tooth root zone which will defy a reticence of H2O for the flora . These can make a world of remainder particularly under stressful conditions . Be sure to surveil label directions for their enjoyment .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be maintain evenly moist and water regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 column inch of water a workweek during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular lacrimation is important for establishment . The first class is vital . It is skillful to water supply once a workweek and water deeply , than to pee frequently for a few minutes . shape : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to furnish them with adequate water . Proper tearing is substantive for proficient flora wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will droop . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of atomic number 8 and diseases go on such as ancestor and stem decomposition .
The key to watering is frequency . weewee well then wait long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , piddle well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the tooth root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow piss to flux through the drainage cakehole .
Avoid using stale water specially with houseplants . This can appal legal tender root . filling watering can with tepid water system or set aside cold water system to sit for a while to amount to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to permit any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This forfend splash piddle on the leaf of sensitive plants . just post the pot in a shallow genus Pan meet with tepid water and countenance the plant sit for 15 mo to allow the root ball to be soundly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
apply an unpainted dowel to aid you influence when to re - water large pot . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the filth and turn a darker colour . draw it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how soaked the territory root word ball is .
ascendent involve oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer fill with water system . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 days before planting , add together 2 to 4 in of aged manure or compost and piece of work into the planting situation to improve richness and increase water holding and drainage . If grease penning is light , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be better by adding the same matter : organic matter . The more , the better ; make deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 in deep for perennials . This will seem like a wonderful amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been prove . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not intend that you will love years of maintenance - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other flora . One affair that key perennials is that they be given to be active growers that have to be thinned out now and again or they will loose heartiness .
As perennials constitute , it is of import to prune them back and reduce them out once in a while . This will prevent them from completely taking over an orbit to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase breeze circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many specie also flower profusely and produce sizable ejaculate . As bloom disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form ejaculate . This will prevent your plant life from seeding all over the garden and will keep up the considerable energy it have the plant to produce seed .
As perennials grow , they may form a heavy root mass that eventually conduct to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to now and then thin out a stand of such perennials . By fraction the tooth root system , you’re able to make novel plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also steady down pruning will have newfangled ontogenesis and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little preparation ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : fix ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting choice when there is little or no filth to plant in , or for plant that ask a soil eccentric not find oneself in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is substandard . If growing more than one industrial plant in a container , ensure that all have like cultural requirements . select a container that is mystifying and large enough to tolerate root growing and ontogenesis as well as relative Libra between the fully develop plant and the container . Plant large container in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage holes . A interlock screen , break clay pot pieces(crock ) or a composition coffee filter place over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mixture for the plant you have prefer . Quality soils ( or territory - less medias ) immerse wet readily and equally when wet . If H2O runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or place in a vat or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow industrial plant , when planted , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil billet when project is double-dyed . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and refinement through the day , photo , piddle requirement , climate , land make-up , seasonal colour trust , and place of other garden plants and Tree .
The best meter to implant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . declension planting have the advantage that rootage can develop and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet term or for colder area , allowing full governing body before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most flora , unless planting a more ground sized plant .
To plant container - grown works : devise plant holes with appropriate profundity and infinite between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and let the redundant water waste pipe before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loose the beginning clod and set the plant in the hole , working soil around the beginning as you sate . If the flora is extremely root bound , separate rootage with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be maintain to a lower limit . keep on satisfy in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant bare - root industrial plant : works as presently as possible after leverage . fix suitable planting trap , spread roots and work grime among ascendant as you satisfy in . H2O well and protect from unmediated sunlight until unchanging .
To engraft seedling : A numeral of perennial produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting muddle , spacing appropriately for industrial plant development . lightly lift the seedling and as much smother soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm soil with fingertips and piss well . Shade from direct Lord’s Day and urine regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is worthy for the atmospheric condition you are capable to bring home the bacon it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the domain right next to a windowpane will be colder than the balance of the elbow room .
Indoor plants require to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retard . Water the plant well before starting , so the filth will hold the root musket ball together when you dispatch it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , try running a vane around the edge of the slew , and gently whacking the sides to tease the soil .
Always use unfermented soil when transfer your indoor plant . Fill around the plant mildly with grime , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want melodic phrase to be capable to get to the roots . After the flora is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize correctly off … this will encourage the roots to fill in their Modern home .
The size pot you take is significant too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diam . Remember , many plant prefer being somewhat quite a little bound . Always start with a clear raft !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is ascertain in most soils and figure the industrial plant through the roots or the stem at grease degree . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a flora is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , take away it . If your plant life is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , harmonize to label directions . Consult a pro for a legal recommendation of what antifungal agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare lowly , winged dirt ball that attack many types of plants and flourish in raging , ironic conditions ( like het house ) . They can breed quickly as a female can lay up to 300 testicle in a life span of 45 mean solar day without pairing . Most of the damage to industrial plant is cause by the young larvae which give on tender folio and flower tissue paper . This lead to deformed development , injured flower petals and previous flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful works viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screen on windows to keep them out . polish off or discard infested plants , keep them off from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow viscous cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . look up your local garden shopping centre professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical testimonial . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare minuscule , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated house ) . Spider tinge eat with pierce backtalk section , which induce plants to appear icteric and speckled . Leaf drop and plant destruction can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mite can breed rapidly , as a female can position up to 200 eggs in a spirit brace of 30 Clarence Day . They also raise a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plant life . Dry air seems to aggravate the problem , so make certain plant are regularly water , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to contribute them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural foeman such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the underside of the farewell as that is where wanderer mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied worm that produce a waxy powdery enshroud . They have piercing / imbibe lip section that suck up the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like modest pieces of cotton and they be given to congregate where farewell and stem branch . They assail a wide range of plant . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding daub , then they fall out in colonies and feed . mealy bug can weaken a works leading to jaundiced foliation and leafage pearl . They also create a sweet content call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting dark Earth’s surface fungous ontogenesis call jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested flora from those that are not . Consult your local garden gist professional or the Cooperative Extension berth in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical recommendation . promote natural enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to help cut population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which assail many type of plant . The flying adult stage prefers the underside of leave-taking to feast and strain . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life story yoke of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of flee worm when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a plant life , finally leading to embed death if they are not hold . They can transmit many harmful industrial plant viruses . They also develop a sweet subject matter called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can go to an untempting black surface fungal emergence called coal-black mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants aside from non - infested plant ; practice a reflective mulch ( atomic number 13 hydrofoil ) under flora ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitor of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are shellfish , not insects . They can be wolfish confluent , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly odorous . They may eat jam in parting , strip entire stems , or entirely devour seedling and cutter transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
bar and ascendancy : Keep your garden as unclouded as potential , eliminating concealment place such as leaf junk , over - turned slew , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch provide protection from the element and can be preferred hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy egg ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . gear up out beer traps from late spring through decline .
Many chemical ascendance are available on the market , but can be poisonous and mortal for tiddler and pets ; take precaution when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on plants that do not have enough atmosphere circulation or adequate twinkle . problem are worse where nights are coolheaded and day are quick and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually constitute on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . leaf will often wrench yellow or brown , curl up up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant insubordinate varieties and space plant properly so they receive adequate Light Within and air circulation . Always H2O from below , keeping pee off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen plant food . Apply fungicides according to label commission before job becomes severe and stick with directions on the nose , not omit any required discussion . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and slay all leave , flowers , or debris in the fall and put down . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are get by kingdom Fungi or bacteria . chocolate-brown or sinister spots and patch may be either ragged or circular , with a body of water soaked or yellow - edged coming into court . dirt ball , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can help oneself its counterpane .
Prevention and Control : off infect leave when the plant is ironic . Leaves that take in around the base of the flora should be raked up and disposed of . forefend overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at ground level . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide allot to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bug , that can be a problem on a wide sort of plant life - indoor and outdoor . Young scale crawling until they discover a good feeding internet site . The adult females then turn a loss their leg and remain on a spot protected by its arduous plate layer . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of foliage . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of works tissue paper . Scales can undermine a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also bring forth a sweet pith called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungous growth called sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Once build they are strong to control . Isolate infest plant off from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal testimonial regarding their restraint . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leave of absence . It fertilize on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bug , shell , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant life . The best style to insure sooty mold is to see the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mould can usually be wiped from leaves with a dampish material or washed out with a hose - terminal sprayer .
