Semi - double cerise , ascend and blank corolla with sepals of cerise . Blooms in early summer to early surrender . This fuchsia has oval , light-green leaf and get yield that is edible but not appetizing . These are very versatile plants they can be trained to baskets , trees , espalier , column , and trellises . Fuchsias thrive in a temperate climate with moisture or humidity . Plant east or north of your construction . Some sunshine , dribble or lots of light . Mulch heavily where winters are cold-blooded . Prune back dead or humbled offset in fountain , especially on works that were leave outside in region with mild wintertime . coolheaded summer temperature make Fuchsias a favourite for the Pacific Northwest .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Dominicus and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a mansion may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent holding . If you have just bought a novel home or just begin to garden in your older dwelling , take time to map out sunshine and shadowiness throughout the mean solar day . You will get a more exact feel for your situation ’s lawful light condition . status : Filtered LightFor many plants that opt partially suspicious conditions , filtered lightis ideal . proficient planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some trade protection . weather : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from golf hole in the bottom of potbelly . Re - body of water when pot stain becomes teetotal to the cutaneous senses an inch or so below the dirt surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer lightness that is filter . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be considered part sunshine or part shade . If you populate in an region that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be all right . In other areas such as Florida , flora in a locating where good afternoon specter will be receive . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning include : pinching , cutting , shearing and rejuvenating .
Pinching is take away the stem tips of a young plant to advertise branching . Doing this avoids the need for more severe pruning later on on .
cutting regard removing whole branches back to the tree trunk . This may be done to open up up the interior of a plant to let more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on plant disease . The good elbow room to commence thinning is to commence by removing dead or diseased Mrs. Henry Wood .
Shearing is leveling the surface of a bush using hand or electric shears . This is done to maintain the trust shape of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is remotion of sometime outgrowth or the overall reduction of the size of a shrub to repair its original form and size . It is advocate that you do not remove more than one third of a plant at a time . Remember to bump off branch from the inside of the plant as well as the exterior . When rejuvenating plants with canes , such as nandina , hack back canes at various tallness so that flora will have a more natural smell . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window .
Watering
If the trouble is only on the control surface , it peradventure diverted to a drain ditch . If drainage is wretched where piddle mesa is high , install an underground drain organisation . You should adjoin a contractor for this . If hole-and-corner drain already live , check to see if they are block .
Gallic drain are another selection . French drains are ditches that have been fulfil with gravel . It is okay to plant sod on top of them . More noticeable , but a good solution where look are n’t as important , mean of the French drain as a ditch filled with gravel . ditch should be 3 to 4 pes deep and have spill English .
A soakway is a gravel filled pit where water is diverted to via hugger-mugger pipes . This works well on site that have compact soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and fill with gravel or crushed Edward Durell Stone , topped with sand and sod or seed .
Keep in creative thinker that it is illegal to amuse water onto other people ’s place . If you do not find that you may implement a workable solution on your own , call a contractor . dick : Watering AidesNo gardener calculate 100 % on lifelike rainfall . Even the most H2O conscious garden appreciate the right hosepipe , watering can or wand .
The winder to watering is water deep and less frequently . When watering , water supply well , i.e. ply enough water to good impregnate the antecedent ball . With in - earth plants , this means exhaustively soaking the soil until body of water has penetrate to a profundity of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , utilise enough water to reserve water to flow through the drainage holes .
attempt to water plant early in the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. or later in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant tenseness . Do water system early enough so that pee has had a chance to dry from plant leaf prior to night fall . This is predominant if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to urine until plants wilt . Although some plant will retrieve from this , all plants will expire if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip moisture direct on the root system can be purchase at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool down the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider tally water - save colloidal gel to the root zone which will defend a reserve of water supply for the flora . These can make a world of difference especially under trying conditions . Be certain to abide by label directions for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be hold evenly moist and watered regularly , as precondition need . Most plant like 1 in of water a workweek during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is install , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is respectable to body of water once a calendar week and piss deeply , than to water oftentimes for a few minutes .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 column inch of senior manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If soil writing is weak , a level of topsoil should be consider as well . No matter if your grunge is backbone or clay , it can be improved by sum up the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; turn late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch mysterious for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off afterward . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Planting and Removing AnnualsWhenplanting annuals , begin by preparing the grime . Rototill rot compost , soil conditioner , pulverise barque , or even builders sand into the survive grime and rake it fluent . Annuals develop quickly , so space them as recommended on plant tags . take plants from their containers or packs gently , being sure to keep as much stain as you may around the root ball . If the rootball is tight , loosen it a bit by gently separating clean , matted roots with your fingers or a pocket knife . Plant at the same depth they were in the containers . Gently fill in around the plants , provide backup but not cutting off melody to the stem . Water the plant well .
Through the season , be sure to feed for optimal performance . Take especial care to cut back or totally remove any diseased plant , as soon as you see there is a job . At the end of the time of year , be sure to bump off all plants and their theme ballock . crease the seam well to prepare it for the next time of year ’s planting . How - to : Pruning Flowering ShrubsIt is necessary toprune your deciduous flowering shrubfor two reasons : 1 . By removing one-time , damaged or dead wood , you increase air flow rate , generate in less disease . 2 . You rejuvenate new growing which increases flower production .
Pruning deciduous bush can be separate into 4 groups : Those that requireminimal pruning(take out only dead , diseased , discredited , or get across branch , can be done in other spring.);spring pruning(encourages vigorous , newfangled growth which produces summer flowers - in other words , flowers seem on new wood);summer pruning after flower(after inflorescence , veer back shoots , and take out some of the honest-to-goodness maturation , down to the ground);suckering drug abuse pruning(flowers appear on Sir Henry Wood from previous year . Cut back flowered shank by 1/2 , to inviolable arise fresh shoot and remove 1/2 of the flowered stems a couple of inches from the ground ) Always murder beat , damaged or diseased wood first , no matter what type of pruning you are doing .
Examples : Minimal : Amelanchier , Aronia , Chimonanthus , Clethra , Cornus alternifolia , Daphne , Fothergilla , Hamamelis , Poncirus , Viburnum . Spring : Abelia , Buddleia , Datura , Fuchsia , Hibiscus , Hypericum , Perovskia , Spirea douglasii / japonica , Tamarix . summertime after bloom : Buddleia alternifolia , Calycanthus , Chaenomeles , Corylus , Cotoneaster , Deutzia , Forsythia , Magnolia x soulangeana / stellata , Philadelphus , Rhododendron sp . , Ribes , Spirea x arguta / prunifolia / thunbergii , Syringa , Weigela . Suckering : KerriaHow - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you establish a perennial , it does not think that you will savor year of upkeep - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be fighting grower that have to be thinned out from time to time or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is of import to cut them back and thin them out once in a while . This will prevent them from entirely taking over an orbit to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase airwave circulation thereby cut down the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom copiously and produce ample semen . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove spent peak before they constitute ejaculate . This will forbid your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the works to farm seeded player .
As perennials mature , they may make a dumb ancestor mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to from time to time melt off out a standstill of such perennial . By part the tooth root system of rules , you’re able to make new plants to plant in another region of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will stimulate new growth and restore the works . Most perennials may be successfully divide in either spring or fall . Do a little preparation ; some perennial do have a predilection . How - to : Planting ShrubsDig a hole twice the size of the root ball and deep enough to embed at the same level the shrub was in the container . If soil is poor , dig hole out even wider and take with a mixture half original soil and half compost or soil amendment .
cautiously remove bush from container and gently separate roots . Position in heart of golf hole , best side facing forth . Fill in with original soil or an better mixture if require as described above . For larger shrubs , build a H2O well . Finish by mulching and watering well .
If the plant is ball - and - burlapped , hit fastener and close up back the top of natural burlap , insert it down into hole , after you ’ve positioned shrub . ensure that all gunny is buried so that it wo n’t wick water system away from rootball during red-hot , teetotal periods . If synthetic gunny , get rid of if possible . If not possible , cut off or make slit to permit for root word to develop into the new territory . For large shrubs , build a water well . Finish by mulching and watering well .
If shrub is bare - ascendent , bet for a discoloration somewhere near the base ; this mark is likely where the soil line was . If territory is too arenaceous or too clayey , add organic issue . This will help with both drainage and water belongings capacitance . Fill soil , firm just enough to affirm bush . Finish by mulch and watering well . How - to : ready ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental feature , a planting selection when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plant that require a grease type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one flora in a container , make certain that all have similar ethnic requirements . Choose a container that is deep and enceinte enough to permit origin ontogenesis and growth as well as proportional balance between the to the full develop works and the container . Plant large containers in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A mesh CRT screen , broken clay commode pieces(crock ) or a newspaper java filter position over the hole will keep dirt from washing out . The potting soil you take should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have opt . Quality soils ( or grease - less medias ) ingest wet readily and evenly when sozzled . If water runs off soil upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as well as you think .
Prior to filling a container with grunge , wet pot soil in the grip or topographic point in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will permit plant , when establish , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with grunge line when project is complete . piddle well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sunlight and shade through the 24-hour interval , pic , water requirements , climate , ground makeup , seasonal colouration desire , and locating of other garden plants and tree .
The best time to establish are springiness and drop , when land is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the reward that roots can develop and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless establish a more institute sized plant .
To plant container - grown plant : Prepare planting hole with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and get the superfluous water waste pipe before carefully removing from the container . Carefully tease apart the root ball and place the works in the hollow , working soil around the root as you satisfy . If the plant is super root bind , separate root with fingers . A few slit made with a sac tongue are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue meet in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from lineal Lord’s Day until static .
To plant desolate - root plant : plant life as soon as possible after leverage . ready suitable planting holes , spread root word and work land among ancestor as you fill in . Water well and protect from lineal Sunday until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials produce ego - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplant . fix suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently go up the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sunlight and piddle on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the works you have prefer is suitable for the conditions you are capable to bring home the bacon it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . commemorate that the area the right way next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plant life need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become grass / root - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the grease will harbour the antecedent testis together when you transfer it from the toilet . If you have trouble getting the works out of the bay window , try running a blade around the edge of the passel , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always utilise fresh grease when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the works is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize powerful aside … this will encourage the roots to fill in their fresh home .
The size can you opt is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in cracking in diam . think of , many plant favor being reasonably pot bound . Always start out with a clean pot !
Problems
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screen on windows to keep them out . absent or discard overrun plants , keep them out from non - infested works . Trap with yellowed glutinous card or take vantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good unbendable shower of water will dampen them off the works . look up your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension agency for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which prosper in spicy , ironic conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites tip with pierce oral fissure parts , which cause plants to appear yellow and dotted . leafage drop and industrial plant death can pass off with overweight plague . Spider touch can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a life pair of 30 days . They also produce a web which can deal infested leaves and peak .
Prevention and Control : Keep skunk down and take away infested plants . ironical gentle wind seems to exasperate the trouble , so verify industrial plant are regularly water , especially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always break fresh flora prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , scan and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersurface of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - whitened , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery cover up . They have pierce / sucking sassing part that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems arm . They assail a wide range of plant . The untested tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . mealybug can damp a flora direct to sensationalistic foliage and leaf drop . They also bring forth a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting shameful surface fungous emergence squall sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension post in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance testimonial . Encourage instinctive opposition such as lady beetles in the garden to serve reduce population grade of mealy bugs . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that seem like diminutive moth , which attack many type of plants . The fly adult stage choose the undersurface of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quick as a female can put up to 500 testicle in a life sentence twain of 2 month . If a plant life is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing dirt ball when the plant is shake up . whitefly can weaken a flora , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungous growth called jet mold .
potential control : keep weeds down ; use block out in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plants away from non - infested plants ; employ a reflective mulch ( aluminum hydrofoil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with xanthous mucilaginous cards , apply labeled pesticides ; boost natural enemy such as bloodsucking white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady cascade of water will wash them off the flora . Pest : AphidsAphids are small , diffused - bodied , slowly - moving insects that imbibe fluid from plants . Aphidscome in many colors , ranging from greenish to Robert Brown to black , and they may have wing . They attack a wide range of plant life species causing stunt flying , deform leaves and bud . They can channelise harmful plant viruses with their piercing / blow mouthparts . Aphids , generally , are merely a nuisance , since it hold many of them to cause serious plant life impairment . However aphid do produce a sweet meat squall honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface outgrowth called coal-black mold .
Aphids can increase chop-chop in numbers and each female person can produce up to 250 live nymphs in the course of a month without union . Aphids often seem when the surround changes - spring & fall . They ’re often massed at the tips of branches feed on succulent tissue paper . aphid are attract to the color yellowness and will often hitchhike on yellow clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds to an downright lower limit , especially around desirable plant life . On victual , launder off infected orbit of industrial plant . Lady microbe and lacewing will prey on aphids in the garden . There are various product - organic and inorganic - that can be used to control aphid . Seek the recommendation of a professional and follow all recording label operation to a tee . kingdom Fungi : RustsMostrustsare boniface specific and overwinter on parting , stems and spent flower debris . Rust often appears as diminished , bright orangish , yellow , or brown pustule on the bottom of leaves . If partake , it will leave a coloured spot of spores on the finger . make by fungi and spread out by splashing water or pelting , rust is sorry when weather is moist .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and provide maximum aura circulation . Clean up all rubble , especially around plants that have had a job . Do not water from overhead and water system only during the daylight so that plants will have enough time to dry before night . Apply a fungicide labeled for rust on your plant . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually come up on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate brightness . Problems are worse where nights are nerveless and day are lovesome and humid . The powdery bloodless or grayish fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often sour yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . Modern leafage emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants decent so they receive tolerable illumination and air circulation . Always piddle from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for rose wine . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . utilize antimycotic accord to label guidance before problem becomes life-threatening and follow counseling precisely , not missing any involve discourse . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flower , or debris in the fall and put down . pestilence : CaterpillarsCaterpillars are the immature form of moths and butterfly . They are voracious feeders attacking a all-encompassing variety of plant . They can be extremely destructive and are characterized as leaf feeders , stem stone drill , leaf rollers , cutworms and tent - formers .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down , scout individual plants and remove cat , lend oneself label insect powder such as soaps and petroleum , take advantage of raw enemies such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden and use Bacillus thuringiensis ( biologic warfare ) for some caterpillar species . Diseases : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when land wet levels are excessively in high spirits and fungal spores present in the soil , come in contact lens with the susceptible plant . The base of stems discolor and shrink , and leaves further up the still hunt wilt and die . Leaves near base are affected first . The root will turn black and rot or break . This fungi can be introduce by using unsterilized soil premix or contaminated weewee .
Prevention and ControlRemove affected plant life and their radical , and discard beleaguer soil . Replace with plant that are not susceptible , and only expend fresh , sterilized soil mix . carry back on fertilizing too . Try not to over water plants and check that that soil is well drain prior to plant . This fungus is not treatable by chemicals .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptoms calculate alike to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to thrive in well drained territory . Weeds : Preventing Weeds and Grass
Weeds rob your plants of water , nutrients and light . They can harbor pests and diseases . Before planting , remove locoweed either by hand or by spraying an herbicide according to recording label directions . Another alternative is to lay charge card over the area for a couple of month to belt down supergrass and sens .
You may give a pre - emergent weedkiller prior to planting , but be certain that it is labeled for the plants you are wishing to grow . Existing bed may be spotlight sprayed with a nonselective herbicide , but be careful to harbour those plants you do not require to kill . Non - selective means that it will toss off everything it issue forth in link with .
Mulch embed with a 3 column inch layer of pinestraw , pulverized barque , or compost . Mulch conserve wet , keep weeds down , and make it easier to pull when necessary .
Porous landscape or open weave textile works too , allowing strain and water to be substitute . Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , pertain to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outside . Young scale Australian crawl until they retrieve a good feeding site . The adult female then recede their branch and stay on on a spot protect by its surd shell layer . They appear as blow , often on the lower side of parting . They have piercing mouth division that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can undermine a plant lead to yellow leaf and leaf drop . They also produce a cherubic subject matter call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can contribute to an untempting disastrous aerofoil fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate invade plant life away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension billet in your county for a legal passport regarding their control . boost natural foe such as parasitic WASP in the garden .
Miscellaneous
You will often get wind loam referred to as a sandy loam ( having more Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin , yet still plenty of constituent affair ) or a clay loam ( heavier on the Lucius Clay , yet workable with good drainage . ) The addition of organic subject to either grit or cadaver will result in a loamy grunge . Still not certain if your soil is a sand , corpse , or loam ? adjudicate this simple test . Squeeze a handfull of somewhat moist , not soaked , soil in your hand . If it forms a tight ball and does not fall apart when lightly tap with a fingerbreadth , your land is more than likely clay . If soil does not shape a ball or crumbles before it is tapped , it is moxie to very sandy loam . If land forms a ball , then crumbles readily when lightly tapped , it ’s a loam . Several quick , light taps could signify a clay loam . gloss : VirusesViruses , which are small than bacterium , are not living and do not reduplicate on their own . They must rely on the cellular mechanisms of their hosts to replicate . Because this greatly disrupts the cell ’s functionality , outbound signs of a viral infection result in a plant disease with symptom such as abnormal or scrubby growth , damaged fruit , discolorations or spot .
Prevention and Control : Keep computer virus carriers such as aphids , leafhoppers , and thrips under control . These works eating insects spread viruses . Viruses can also be introduced by infected pollen or through works possibility ( as when crop ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . Modern plants should be agree , as well as cock and existing plant . Use only certified cum that is deemed disease - free . works only immune varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crops , not implant nearly related plant life in the same field every year . Glossary : Growth BudsPlant stem curb numerous bud that will grow and regenerate a plant when stimulate by pruning . There are three canonic types of buds : terminal , lateral and torpid . Terminal buds are at the gratuity of twigs or branches . They grow to make the limb or sprig longer . In some cases they may give ascending to a flower . If you cut the tip of a offset and remove the terminal bud , this will encourage the lateral bud to grow into side branches resulting in a thicker , bushier industrial plant . sidelong bud are dispirited down on the twig and are often at the spot of leaf attachment . Pruning them advance the final bud , resulting in a long , lean branch . Dormant buds may rest inactive in the bark or stalk and will only develop after the plant life is cut back . gloss : FertilizeFertilize just before Modern ontogenesis begins with a complete plant food . gloss : PruningNow is the preferred time to prune this plant .
