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Introduction to lady finger plant diseases , gadfly and control methods : Okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus L ) is also known as bhindi or lady ’s finger’s breadth belonging to family Malvaceae . Okra plant is gentle to grow and use and looks endearing throughout the growing time of year due to its beautiful flowers . It is also rich in vitamin A and low in kilocalorie , which makes it a peachy addition to your dieting .
This disease and pests entropy can be applied to growing lady finger plant on patio , growing dame digit industrial plant in pots / container , growing lady finger plants in balcony , growing lady finger plants in backyards , grow ma’am finger plants out of doors , growing lady digit constitute indoors . Let us set out with gentlewoman fingerbreadth industrial plant diseases and thier control measures .
A guide to lady finger plant diseases, pests and control measures
you could apply this pests and disease information for raise lady’s-finger in corporation , maturate lady’s-finger on the terrace , raise okra in the backyard , arise lady’s-finger in the balcony , spring up Abelmoschus esculentus indoors , growing okra in opened plain , growing okra from seed , and arise Hibiscus esculentus outdoors , growing Hibiscus esculentus from cuttings .
In this clause we also discourse the following topic ;
Okra is know to develop in poor filth but it does good in good soils with plenty of organic material that is not too ample . Too much nitrogen effects in strong vegetative growth but fewer blooms , which mean fewer seeded player pod . solve constitutive compost into the grime the declension before bound planting and allow it time to geezerhood before implant . As with all garden vegetables , in force water system retentivity and drainage is very important .
Okra Growing Conditions.
flora okra seeds ½ to 1 inch deep and 12 to 18 column inch apart in a row . you may souse the seeds overnight in tepid H2O to aid speed up the germination summons . Okra industrial plant are marvellous , thus space out the rows 3 to 4 pes apart .
Okra plant is a high temperature - loving works , uprise best in southern climates in a well - draining , light sandy to medium loams . Soils must be high in constitutional matter with a pH between 5.8 to 6.8 . The plant must be grown in an expanse of gamey sunlight and grow effective in live temperatures . dirt temperature must be at least 18.3 ° snow ( 65 ° degree Fahrenheit ) with optimum growth of the plants occurring at soil temperatures between 23.9 to 32.3 ° carbon .
Okra is normally propagated from semen . Soaking seeds in water overnight before planting helps the okra plants to germinate . Ifokra growing in a base garden , seeds must be sown at a profoundness of 2.5 atomic number 96 ( 1 in ) leaving 25 to 45 centimetre between rows only after the soil has reached a temperature of 18 ° C ( 65 ° degree Fahrenheit ) . Okra grows best in light , and deeply work grime ample in constitutional issue . And add aged compost to the planting layer before sow or transplant .
Common Pests and Diseases of Okra Plant.
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The okra seeds germinate in 2 to 12 days . Okra plant life will develop in many soil type , so mulch and fertilize as needed . Once the okra plants start to raise , slenderize them so they are spaced 12 to 18 inches apart .
Keep the home garden dope - free ; mulch to curb weeds . Side dress okra plant with aged compost after planting and again when plants start to set pods . And keep okra evenly moist , it can go nigh but not completely dry .
How to Identify Okra Diseases.
Okra heyday can start appear in 7 or so weeks when conditions are serious . The blossoms are there for only a day and hope you have a mess of born pollinator at work and the pod are visible soon after . Then they ’re picked , the in effect , though well - cared - for plants will keep their pods affectionate for 5 days or more . Larger varieties hold back their affection until they arrive at the full size which can be as much as 6 inch or more .
rough-cut cuss and their effects in noblewoman finger industrial plant
Okra fiddle host to a few common pestis , such as Zea mays earworm , aphids , flea beetles and green stinkbugs . Corn earworms are 1 1/2 - inch - foresightful caterpillar that feed in on several unlike plants . These pesterer are known as tomato yield louse , pod worms , cotton bollworms , and vetch dirt ball . Flea beetles are very small , flea like mallet and are shiny bronze , dark-green or black . Aphids are small insects that are yellowish , green , blue , black , brown or pink . Ants on gumbo are often deliberately bring aphids , so they ’re a danger signal . Green stinkbugs check five - sided , buckler - form body . Aphids and stinkbugs suck the sap from okra works , while corn earworms eat the fruit and leaves and flea beetles jaw small holes in the leafage .
How to Identify Okra Pests.
Control methods for lady finger’s breadth / Okra diseases and pests
raw predators burst if they are not killed by pesticide . Some of thenatural predator of Abelmoschus esculentus pestscontain lady beetles , lacewing fly and parasitic wasps . Clover , alyssum , and parsley will help attract beneficial dirt ball to the garden . Biological curative to protect Hibiscus esculentus cropis Bacillus thuringiensis is also called Bt , a natural bacterium that attacks and pour down many dirt ball .
Insecticidal scoop is a natural insecticide that will kill many of the pests on your gumbo works . And you could buy insecticidal soaps and horticultural oils at garden centers . Neem oil is another readily obtainable selection . Tomake a homemade pesticide for gumbo flora , conflate 2 tablespoon of dye- and fragrance - free vegetable - based liquidity easy lay , which is castile soap , with 1 gallon of piddle and spray your okra .
Other Lady Finger Plant Care Tips.
symptom – The main symptoms are stain of theme at filth line ; leave can droop and drop from the plant ; numerous small black sclerotia ( fungous fruiting bodies ) evolve in impress tissues and used to name the disease . The fungus had a encompassing host reach and strike primarily edible bean , tobacco , soybean , pigeon pea , and many other crops ; the disease is primarily spread by microsclerotia in the soil .
direction – Rotate crop to non - host to decrease the build - up of inoculums in the grunge ; forfend water stress to industrial plant by water when necessary .
coolheaded , mirky atmospheric condition , high humidity , cockeyed soils , compacted soil , and overcrowding especially favor the development of dull - off . Damping - off kills seedling before or after they emerge . Infection before seedling issue results in pathetic sprouting . If the decay is after seedling egression , and they fall over or break which is referred to as “ dampish - off . ” seedling that go forth addition a lesion near where the legal tender stalk contacts the dirt surface .
Control – Excessive irrigation must be avoided to reduce humidity around the plant life . The field must be regularly inspected for the disease - affected seedlings . Such seedlings should be removed and destroyed .
The disease is found on the older leave of absence and stems of plants . Plant yields of many of the infected vegetables are reduced due to premature leaf release . Increased humidness could increase the severity of the disease , and infection is heighten during periods of clayey dew . The diseasepowdery mildew symptomsappear as pernicious , small , round , whitish spots on leaves and sometimes stems . Young leaves are immune . These spore are simply blown by winds to nearby susceptible plant . all-embracing previous defoliation of the older flora leaves can ensue if the disease is not command .
Control – tidy , vigorous leave and plant stems are less prone to contagion . Plants under nutritional strain in most cases will increase powdery mildew much preferably than plants the same age produce under a good nutritionary political platform . Hence the plant must be well muck and the lotion of fertilizer must be done based on standard recommendations . lotion of Wettable Sulphur ( 0.2 % ) or at an musical interval of a 1 - week interval efficiently controls the disease .
symptom – The main symptoms of bloodless cast are lowers traverse in white , cottony fungal increase ; small , circular , water - soak lesions on seedpod leaves which elaborate and despicable ; cottony clean growth can be visible on lesions during catamenia of high humidity ; the death of branches and the entire plant .
direction – Avoid unreasonable atomic number 7 fertiliser and apply spacious row spacing .
symptom – On the lower aerofoil of works leave we will see small pinhead matrilineage . This enation becomes warty and rough in the structure at a later leg and concentrate in foliage size . The prow and leaf petiole become twisted along enation . leaf appear thick and also leathery .
Management – Remove the infected plant life and burn them to debar the banquet of disease . And use lily-livered sticky traps to monitor the whitefly universe .
The larvae of this moth attack the shoots of okra plants by bore into it . It bore into the fruits which are interpret unfit for human consumption .
The adults and nymph of this worm provender on the okra plants by wet-nurse the sap . Plant leaves call on pale and curl up . The cupping can be followed by dry of leaves from the allowance give a characteristic symptom known as ground ball burn . Both recognize boll - worm and jassid assault the plant from May to September .
ascertain – For controlling both pests spray at fortnightly intervals with 500 millilitre Malathion 50 EC in 100 to 125 liters of body of water per Akka . Picking of fruit must be done before spraying . Borer infested fruits if any must be removed regularly and buried deep .
The lady’s-finger plants are substantially damaged and weakened and the adults and nymphs take up the flora sap . In severe cases , the plant leaves dry up and fall off .
ascendancy – The craw must be sprayed with 250 ml of Metasystox 25 EC or Rogor 30 EC in 125 cubic decimeter of water .
symptom – Caterpillars are pallid green with white lines run down either side of their consistency ; caterpillar are distinguish by the elbow room they arch their body when moving ; eggs are set on an individual basis , loosely on the downcast foliage surface close to the leafage margin , and are white or pale dark-green . Insects overwinter as pupae in plant life debris in the soil ; adult insect i d a dark - colored moth ; caterpillars have a encompassing host range .
direction – Larvae could be hand - picked from the plants ; an organically acceptable control cognitive process is the software of Bacillus thuringiensis which kill jr. larvae ; chemical atomizer can damage population of raw enemies and should be selected carefully .
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symptom – diminished gentle - corporal insects on underside of leaves and stems of works ; generally unripened or yellow , but may be pink , chocolate-brown , red or black depending on coinage and host plant ; if aphid infestation is large it can cause leaves to yellow and ill-shapen , necrotic spots on leaves and scrawny shoot ; aphid release a pasty , sugary substance known as honeydew which encourages the growth of plant life .
Management – If aphid population is throttle to just a few farewell or shoot then the plague can be crop out to give ascendancy ; check transplants for aphid before planting ; use tolerant varieties if obtainable ; reflective mulch such as silver gray - colored plastic could dissuade aphids from feeding on plant life ; insecticide are only require to treat aphids if the plague is very high – plants in general stand downhearted and medium level plague ; insecticidal soap or crude oil such as neem or canola oil are the best methods of control ; always check the labels of the product for usage guidelines before use .
Symptoms – Galls on roots can be up to 3.3 cm ( 1 in ) in diameter but smaller ; reduction in plant energy ; yellow plants which wilt in red-hot weather . Galls can appear as quickly as a calendar month before planting ; nematode favour sandy filth and damage in the garden with this character of soil is most likely .
direction – If symptom indicate nematodes ; solarizing soil can reduce nematode populations in the soil and levels of inoculum of many other pathogen .
symptom – Larvae equipment casualty plant life leave , bud , flowers , and seedpod ; young caterpillars are cream - white with a black point and black hairs ; older larvae can be scandalmongering - green to almost black with all right white line along their body and bleak spots at the root of hairs ; eggs are position singly on both upper and downcast folio surfaces and ab initio creamy but develop a brown - red ring after 24 hours and then darken before hatching . The adult worm is a pale green to tan , medium - sized moth ; the insect is damage plague of Indian corn ; insect overwinters as pupae in the grease .
direction – Monitor plants for eggs and youthful larvae can be damage by chemicals ; B thuringiensis can be applied to control worm on organically grown industrial plant ; appropriate chemical substance discourse can be required for ascendancy in commercial plantations .
Flea mallet and aphid will be knock off your okra plant life with a strong , unshakable flow of water . Planting sand trap establish slightly near to your garden will attract these pests and help keep them away from your okra . Bok choy and radishes work as trap plant life for flea beetles . For stinkbugs , master any grass patches near garden or angry fruits as these attract these pest . Diatomaceous earth is powdery material with microscopical precipitous sharpness that cut into voiced - bodied worm that are flea beetles and aphid . sparge it around plant to kill various plague without harming yourself or your okra .
That ’s all veg gardners about lady finger works diseases , pests and thier control condition methods . You might be interested inPost Harvesting Technology of Vegetables .
